Recently we had an issue with OneNote not allowing organizational accounts to be added in the Modern (metro) app – but organizational accounts could be added to the OneNote Desktop app. This particular client also had Active Directory Federation Services (ADFS) in their environment.
The problem presented itself in that when the user input their credentials the credentials would not be accepted – it would just keep querying the user for the credentials.
Here’s the fix:
In your browser, Tools > Internet Options > Select Security Tab
Choose Local Intranet
Click Sites Button
Click Advanced
Add the URL for your ADFS proxy server (https://adfs.yourdomain.com)
Ok from all windows
Problem solved!